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In this review, we discuss acquired risk factors for CVST. These include hormonal changes (e.g. oral contraceptives use, hormone replacement therapy, pregnancy and puerperium), mechanical precipitants (e.g. head trauma, jugular catheterization, surgery, lumbar puncture), local and generalized infections, cancer, acquired prothrombotic states (e.g. hyperhomocysteinemia, nephrotic syndrome), inflammatory disease (e.g. vasculitis, intestinal inflammatory disease), hematological disorders, neurological diseases (e.g. dural arteriovenous malformations, spontaneous intracranial hypotension), drugs and other situations. However, only some conditions are consistently present in case series, while many appear only in anecdotal reports. Thus, in most situations, a casual link cannot be established. |
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